Signs of Anxiety in Dogs

The term "stress" commonly refers to feelings of pressure or strain. Its causes are diverse, and for humans, they can stem from various sources like job-related tension, nervousness in social situations, or unease due to disruptions in daily routines.

Many people ask me, “Do dogs experience it too? If yes, how severe can their anxiety get?”. Many people also come and tell me that their dogs are experiencing anxiety and stress, but they don’t know how to deal with it. 

My own dog, Misty, suffers from anxiety. She gets stressed during her walks if there are too many vehicles passing by. This usually makes her want to run away and it can turn dangerous. She also gets separation anxiety when my parents stay away from home for a longer duration of time. She stops playing and also eating. But Separation Anxiety is not the only kind of anxiety dogs suffer from. Separation Anxiety could be just one of the many reasons for anxiety in dog.

I can say that I have been able to control her anxiety to an extent but the journey was very long and the problem hasn’t disappeared yet. 

For humans, reducing stress and anxiety involves seeking comfort through different means. This could be finding solace in the company of a trusted friend, engaging in routine tasks like household chores for relaxation, or venting stress through physical exercise.

However, dogs can't express their feelings like humans do, so discerning signs of their stress isn't as straightforward. And management and treatment is something that will follow only after we can identify if they have anxiety. 

Let’s learn how to identify stress and anxiety in dogs and then move on to finding the cause and solution. 

What are some indicators of stress in dogs?

• Pacing or shaking: 

While a full-body shake in dogs might seem normal after a bath, it could indicate stress in certain situations, such as during a visit to the vet. Similarly, pacing can be a sign of agitation.

• Whining or barking: 

Dogs may intensify vocalizations when stressed, either seeking attention or attempting self-soothing.

• Yawning, drooling, and licking: 

Excessive yawning, drooling, or licking could signify nervousness in dogs, distinct from their usual tired or bored behavior.

• Changes in eyes and ears:

Dilated pupils, rapid blinking, widened eyes, or pinned-back ears are signs of stress in dogs.

• Changes in body posture: 

Uneven weight distribution, cowering, or a tucked tail could indicate stress in otherwise healthy dogs.

• Shedding: 

Increased shedding, particularly in unfamiliar or stressful environments, might indicate a dog's anxiety.

• Panting: 

Panting without physical exertion can signal stress in dogs.

• Changes in bodily functions: 

Sudden urges to urinate or defecate, along with a refusal to eat, could be indicators of stress in dogs.

• Avoidance or displacement behavior: 

Dogs may exhibit avoidance behaviors, like sniffing or turning away, to cope with unwelcome situations.

• Hiding or escape behavior: 

Some dogs may physically hide behind their owners or engage in diversionary actions like digging or circling when stressed.

How can I help my dog handle stressful situations?

Desensitization:

Both the dogs here make each other nervous and anxious, but after a few days of teaching them how to be around each other and desensitising them, they can tolerate each other.

Desensitization involves gradually exposing your dog to the specific fear or anxiety trigger in a controlled manner. By introducing the stimulus in small, manageable doses and at a low intensity, the aim is for your dog to eventually not respond with fear or anxiety. This process, when coupled with positive reinforcement, such as rewards for calm behavior, is highly effective for long-term anxiety management.

For instance, if your dog is frightened by fireworks, playing gentle firework sounds at low levels while your pet is relaxed can acclimate them to the noise. Repeated exposure, with a gradual increase in volume over time, assists them in becoming more accustomed to such noises, reducing their anxious response during actual firework displays.

Counterconditioning:

Counterconditioning involves training your dog to alter their response to the anxiety or fear trigger. Through positive reinforcement of desirable behavior, you aim to replace anxious or aggressive reactions with more positive actions.

For example, teaching your dog commands like "sit" or "stay" and rewarding them for following these commands helps redirect their attention when they feel fearful or anxious.

Consult a Veterinarian:

For severe anxiety or unresolved issues, consulting your veterinarian is advisable. They might recommend a referral to a board-certified veterinary behaviorist who specializes in addressing behavioral issues and can offer comprehensive assistance. They might even recommend medication if the anxiety levels are too severe. 

In managing anxiety, a holistic approach is often beneficial, combining behavioral modification, environmental adjustments, natural therapies, and if necessary, medication.

Creating a safe space for your dog, such as a cozy crate or designated area, provides a retreat during anxious moments. For firework anxiety, an interior room without windows is recommended. Playing soothing music, like classical tunes, has shown to have a calming effect on dogs.

Some pet owners have reported success using CBD oil for anxiety, but scientific research on its effectiveness is currently lacking. Prior consultation with your vet and purchasing from reputable brands is essential if considering CBD products.

In severe cases, your vet might prescribe anti-anxiety medication, ideally used alongside behavioral techniques and specialized products.

Apart from training and specific products, shower your dog with love and attention. Regular exercise, daily walks, and playtime contribute significantly to your dog's overall calmness and happiness.

I hope this article helps you tackle anxiety.